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Conditional Sentences
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Unit 6 2º Bachillerato
Structure: A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts: If-clause + Main Clause Example: If it rains tomorrow, we will not come. If-clause Main Clause
Types: The order of the two clauses is flexible, it’s not important. But if the if-clause comes first, it must be followed by a comma. If it rains, I’ll stay at home There are 4 types of conditional sentences. They are classified according to the degree of probability that they express. Each type of conditional sentences uses different tenses to show the difference in the degree of probability.
Zero Conditional: If /when + present tense ….. / modal Water boils if it reaches 100º First Conditional: If/unless + present,….. Future If I study, I’ll pass Second Conditional: If + past, ……would +inf. If I studied, I would pass Third Conditional: If + past perfect ….. would have + pp If I had studied, I would have passed
Tense: Present tense in both clauses Example: Present Tense Present Tense If you heat water to 100°C, it boils. If you pour oil into water, it floats.
Use: Talk about universal truth. If you heat ice, it turns to water To give commands If you aretired, go to bed! In this case the verb in the main clause is an Imperative
Tense: If-clause ~ Present Tense Main Clause ~ Future Tense Present Tense Future Tense If I feel sick tomorrow, I will not go to school. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
Use: To speak about possible or probable future events. If the weather is as sunny tomorrow as it was today, we will go surfing. To make promises or warnings If you forget my birthday, I’ll never speak to you again. Unless is used in negative conditionals Unless we recycle more, we won’t have a better world.
Do not come If you ___________________ (not come), You ________________ (miss) the show. will miss will buy John __________________ (buy)a car if he _____________ (get) a job. gets will get Mary ________________(get) a toothache if she_________________ (eat) too many sweets. eats
If-clause ~ Past Tense Main Clause ~ would + an infinitive Tense: Example: Past Tense Would + infinitive If he were a bird, he would fly across the harbour. If I had $200,000 now, I would buy a car.
Were is often used instead of was in the 1st and 3rd person singular Second Conditionals Use: To speak about present and future situations which are unlikely to happen. If I had any money I would lend it to you. If I were you I wouldn"t do this.
If-clause ~ Past Perfect Tense Main Clause ~ Would Have + Past Participle Tense: Past Perfect Tense Would have+ Past Participle If I had had enough money, I would have bought the camera yesterday. If I had come home earlier, I would not havemissed the programme.
Use: To speak about impossible past events If they’d gone by bus, they would have arrived much later. (They didn’t go by bus) He would have travelled around the world if he had hadmore money. (Impossible to change, because he didn’t have the money)
Were If I ________________ (be) four years old, I ________________ (learn) to play the piano. would learn had not failed If I ________________ (not fail) in the examination, my mother_______________ (buy) me a new computer. would have bought would have finished 3. We ________________________ (finish) if we ________________ (have) better preparation. had had
Other connectors: Type 1: UNLESS If you don’t phone John, he’ll get very angry. Unless you phone John, he’ll get very angry. Unless can replace If in negative conditionals
Other connectors: PROVIDED / PROVIDING (THAT)/ WITH THE CONDITION THAT/ AS LONG AS You can stay with the condition that you sleep on the couch. I will go to the party as long as you go there too IMAGINE / SUPPOSE /SUPPOSING THAT Imagine that you won a million pounds, what would you do?
Other connectors: EVEN IF I won’t go to the party even if they beg me IN CASE Take an umbrella in case it rains
Conditional Sentences Variations: Type 1, 2 and 3: If we are not careful, many species may become extinct. If I were an aeroplane, I could fly in the sky. If she hadn’t worn her helmet, she might have been seriously injured.
Identifying conditionals I. Choose the correct answer. 1 - If I drink tea in the morning, it makes me feel sick. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional
2 - I"ll tell her if she comes. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional 3 - If I were you, I"d buy it as soon as possible. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional
4 - If I had the time, I’d help you Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional 5 – I would have done things differently if I had been the manager. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional
6 - If you work hard enough, you may well pass. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional 7 – Water boils if you heat it to a hundred degrees celsius. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional
8 - I would be surprised if it rained. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional 9 – If she"d tried harder, she might have succeeded. Zero Conditional First Conditional Second Conditional Third Conditional
II. Choose the correct answer. 1 - If I ...... you, I would tell him straightaway were am 2 - If you ...... yellow and blue, you get green will mix mix 3 - If I .........., I would never have done it knew had known 4 - Unless you ....... drinking, you"ll have serious health problems. stop will stop
5 - I ......... there if I"d known about it would never have gone would never go 6 - If you see him, ......... him to call me? will you ask would you have asked 7 - If I ........., I"d have done it myself were there had been there 8 - What would you do if the police ......... you? arrested had arrested
Finish these sentences using the correct verbal tense. If they had listened, they.............................. (understand) If he hadn’t worn the helmet, he.......................... (Be) injured. If he........................... (Speak) clearly, people would understand him. If we miss this train, we.................................. (Be) late for the interview. The bank............................................. (not / call) if we pay the bill. If you................................... (meet) Tom, you wouldn’t like him. If I found 100 in the street, I …………………….......... (Keep) it. If I ……………... (Know) her number, I would phone her. If he gets late, I ………….. (be) angry. I …………………….. (Not/buy) that coat if I were you.. If I ……………….. (Know) that you were ill last week, I"d have gone to see you. If it stops raining, we …………………. (Go) on a trip. would have understood Would have been spoke Will be Won’t call met Would keep knew Will be won’t buy had known will go
Choose the correct answer 1 If Teresa………more sensible, she wouldn’t get into trouble so often. a) will be b) were c) had been 2 ……… me some ice cream if you go to the supermarket. a) Got b) Get c) Have got 3 If I……...late, will you wait for me? a) be b) am c) will be 4 If Vanessa had……..me the truth, I would not have been so angry. a) told b) tells c) tell 5 If you listen to her, you’ll………in trouble. a) been b) being c) be 6 If you had listen to her, you……….have been in trouble. a) shouldn’t b) wouldn’t c) couldn’t 7 Nobody would……the secret if Danny hadn’t revealed it. a) have known b) knew c) known 8 Will you be all right by yourself if I………. out tonight? a) go b) will go c) would go 9 If I knew how to run my own business, I………..a rich man. a) am b) will be c) would be 10 If anyone………., say I’ll be back about 7.30. a) will phone b) phone c) phones B B B A C B A A C C
We use wishand if only +past simple/continuous or could when we want a situation or thing in the present to be different or to change. The time of the action referred to in the subordinate clause is the same as the time of making the wish. He wishes that he were rich. I wish I didn’t have to leave. I wish he was waiting for me. I wish I could help you.
We use wish + wouldto complain about a thing or a situation. She wishes that you would come to the meeting tomorrow. I wish you wouldn’t be so rude. I wish my mother would let me go out till late. Shewishes her child would sleep all night long.
We use wish / if only + past perfect / continuous or could have + p.p.to express a wish about the past They wish that they had studied harder when they were young. (they didn’t study) I wish I hadn’t failed the exam (I failed the exam)
Pay attention to the underlined adverbs indicating time. Complete each of the following sentences with the correct form of the verb shown in brackets. 1. I wish he here now. (to be) 2. I wish that you here yesterday. (to be) 3. We wish you tomorrow. (to come) 4. You will wish you earlier. (to leave) 5. They wished he with them the next day. (to come) 6. We wish you yesterday. (to arrive) were Had been Would come Would come Would come Had arrived
7. I wish that he us next year. (to visit) 8. She wishes that she at home now. (to be) 9. You wish that he you last week. (to help) Would visit were had helped were 10. He will always wish he ____________ rich. (to be) 11. The boy wished that he ____________ the competition the next day. (to win) 12. She will wish she _____________ the arrangements earlier. (to make) 13. I wish the weather ____________ warmer now. (to be) 14. We always wished we ____________ fluent in other languages. (to be) 15. They wish he ________________ them next week. (to telephone) Would win Had made were were Would telephone
Choose the correct option 1.-Meg would do better at French if she worked harder. a. Meg will never succeed at French. b. Meg is very good at French. c. Meg usually works well at French. d. Meg doesn"t work hard enough. D 2.-If the plane hadn"t been delayed by bad weather, we wouldn"t have been late a. Although the plane was late, we were on time b. The weather made us late. c. The bad weather did not interfere with the plane"s arrival. d. We were not late although the weather was bad. B
3. If you ask someone the way, you"ll find the Modern Museum of Art easily. a. Most people can tell you where the Modern Museum of Art is. b. It is very difficult to find the Modern Museum of Art, even if you ask how to get there. c. Did you find the Modern Museum of Art when you wanted to go there? d. Did you ask someone the way to the Modern Museum of Art? A 4. If I were you, I’d get a job. a. I think you should get a job. b. I need a job. c. I had a good job, but I left it. d. You are going to get a job soon. A
5. The doctor said that if Mrs Allen went on a diet, she would lose weight. a. Mrs Allen does not need to be careful with what she eats. b. Mrs Allen has always been careful with what she eats. . c. Mrs Allen should eat more. d. Mrs Allen should eat less. D 6. Jessica would have passed the exam even if I hadn"t helped her. a. Jessica passed the exam without help. b. Jessica failed because no one helped her. c. Without my help, Jessica would not have passed. d. Jessica didn"t really need any help at all. Note:For more practice click: if clauses, Conditional sentences - Grammar Exercises - Learning English D
What would you do in these situations You are alone in the forest at night without a phone. You met the genie. If I met the genie, I would ask him for my three wishes. If I were alone in the forest I would try to use the stars.
What would you do in these situations One day you read in a newspaper an article about you. The article was telling about your private life. Your favourite singer wrote a song for you. If I read an article about my private life, I’d look for a lawyer. If my fauvorite singer wrote a song for me, I’d be excited.
Write what would have happened if…. If he hadn’t gone to the park,….. he wouldn’t have met a girl. he wouldn’t have got married and wouldn’t have had three children. If he hadn’t met the girl…..
Therefore …. If he hadn’t gone to the party,….. he wouldn’t have got married.
Note: For more practice use your student’s Multi-ROM 2, Grammar section, Conditional Clauses exercises. Or you can also click: http://www.isabelperez.com/conditionals1.htm http://www.miguelmllop.com/practice/intermediate/grammar/conditionals8.htm http://www.better-english.com/grammar/condit23.htm http://www.miguelmllop.com/practice/intermediate/grammar/conditionals7.htm http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-1/exercises?02 http://www.geocities.com/athens/olympus/7583/condprac1.html http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/if-clauses.html
Conditional sentences
If clause Main clause
If + simple present simple present
If this thing happens that thing happens.
If you heat ice it melts.
If it rains the grass gets wet.
THE ZERO CONDITIONAL
1 If I see him, I (give) him a lift.
2 The table will break if you (sit) on it.
3 If he (eat) all that, he will be ill.
4 If I find your passport, I (telephone) you.
5 The police (arrest) him, if they catch him.
6 If he (read) in bad light, he will ruin his eyes.
7 Someone (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked.
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
If clause Main clause
If + simple present simple future
If this thing happens that thing will happen.
TYPE 1 CONDITIONAL
1. If she ……………….. (invite) me, I ………………. (go) 2. If it ……………………. (rain), we …………………… (cancel) the match. 3. If I ……………….. (get) a promotion, I ………………… (buy) a car. 4. If she ………………. (be late), we …………………. (go) without her. 5. If you ………………. (ask) more politely, I ………………… (buy) you a drink.
f clause Main clause
If + simple past present conditional or present continuous conditional
If this thing happened that thing would happen. (but I"m not sure this thing will happen) ORthat thing would be happening.
If you went to bed earlier you would not be so tired.
If it rained you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian I would be working in Italy.
TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL
If Oliver (to find) money, he (not/to keep) it.
If they (not/to wear) pullovers in the mountains, it (to be) too cold during the night.
If Tony (to know) her phone number, he (not/to give) it to Frank.
If clause Main clause
If + past perfect perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional
If this thing had happened that thing would have happened. (but neither of those things really happened) ORthat thing would have been happening.
If you had studied harder you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted that promotion I would have been working in Milan.
TYPE 3 CONDITIONAL
1. If you a taxi, you would have caught the train. (take)
2. I would have come if I nothing to do. (have)
3. The pupils the bus if they hadn´t left early. (miss)
4. If the friends to the cafe, they would have eaten pizzas. (go)
5. If I enough money, I would have bought that mobile. (have)
Fill in the correct form of the verb.
Once upon a time the cat bit the mouse"s tail off. “Give me back my tail,” said the mouse. And the cat said, “Well, I (give) you back your tail if you fetched me some milk. But that"s impossible to do for a little mouse like you.”
2. The mouse, however, went to the cow. “The cat (give/only) me back my tail if I fetch her some milk.”
Exercise: “The Cat and the Mouse” – Complete the conditional sentences (type I or II)
БУДУЩЕМ , которые :
1st Conditional
1. Используем, когда говорим о возможных событиях в БУДУЩЕМ , которые зависят от других будущих событий :
1st Conditional
|
IF+ PRESENT SIMPLE |
ПОВЕЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ НАКЛОНЕНИЕ |
|
if you have problems, |
call me at once. (imperative) |
|
If you are late for the last train |
take a taxi! |
|
If you feel unwell |
go to bed! |
2. Также используется, когда мы хотим дать совет, приказание выдвинуть предложение:
Unless -1 если не; пока не -2 кроме, исключая, за исключением
- Иногда в Zero и 1st conditional используется Unless + present simple когда мы говорим о событиях, которые могут случиться, если только кто-то этому не помешает.
|
Unless+ present simple |
|
|
She always comes to work, |
unless she is seriously ill. |
|
We are always ready to help, |
unless it is not too late. |
2. используется, когда мы говорим о нереальных или невозможных событиях В настоящем :
3rd Conditional
|
IF+ PAST PERFECT! |
Would/should/could/might + have + V3 ! |
|
If I had entered a university (when I was young), |
I could have become a professor now. |
|
If I had known the truth before, |
I would not have helped that terrible man! |
|
If he hadn`t broken that window, |
he wouldn`t have been taken to police station, wouldn`t have been late for work and would `t have been fired. |
1. используется, когда мы говорим о нереальных ситуациях В ПРОШЛОМ : мы выдумываем вещи, которые не случились на самом деле .
Повторяем!
|
Zero conditional |
Последовательные события, истина, правила… |
If you eat much you put on weight. |
|
|
Present simple/will (can, may) |
when you see that guy, you will be surprised! |
||
|
Совет, приказание |
Present simple/imperative |
If it is late, go home! |
|
|
невозможное в будущем |
If you saw a ghost you would be so frightened! |
||
|
невозможное в настоящем |
|||
|
Нереальное в прошлом; то, что не случилось. |
Past perfect (had+V3)/ would+have+v3 |
If I had spoken a foreign language, I would have made a career |
- If you (to love) nature you never (to throw) litter outdoors.
- If I (to get up) late I usually (to have) a headache.
- If you (not to eat) long you (to get) weak.
- If you (to boil) ice it (to melt) and (to turn) into water.
- When you (to speak) your vocal chords (to vibrate).
- When a storm (to begin) people (to shelter) in their homes.
- If we (to walk) to the park we (to feed) some birds there.
- If they (to go) to the disco they (to listen) to loud music.
- If I (to go) to the theatre I (to watch) an interesting play.
- If you (to study) hard you (to pass) this exam.
- If you (to wear) these trousers you (to look) a bit strange.
- If you (to play) this composition your guests (be pleased).
- If David (to forget) his umbrella I (to give) him mine.
- If the sun (to shine) all day we (to go) to the beach.
- If he (to have) a temperature he (to see) the doctor.
- If I (to see) Mary, I would (to be) really glad to meet her.
- If Rachael (to be) rich, she (to study) at a foreign college.
- If it (to snow) now, it (to be) really difficult to get to the country for us.
- surprised?
- If somebody (to rob) your house, what (to do) you?
- If I ever (to get) married, I (to do) it only of love.
- If I (to have) enough money, I (buy) a country cottage.
- If he (to study) harder, he (to pass) his test better then.
- If we (to begin) the work earlier, we (to have) more time.
- Lena (to buy) the milk if she (forget) about it .
- They (not to get) into that accident if Jim (not to drive) so fast.
- The dogs(to get out) if the door (to be) locked.
- If Jenny (to ask) me about the matter I (to answer) all her questions.
- I (to call) the police if I (to see) those robbers again.
- If I were you I would tell him about their plan.
- If he had come yesterday we would have met him.
- If this story were not interesting I wouldn`t read it!
- If we had come a minute later, we would not have seen the matter.
- If it rains hard for a long time water runs along the streets.
- If I have some free time I will call on you.
Если погода будет хорошая, мы пойдем на пикник.
«Условные предложения I типа»
Употребление Present Simple вместо Future Simple в английских придаточных предложениях времени и условия
Если погода будет хорошая, мы пойдём на пикник
If the weather is fine, we will go to the picnic.
If You Go to Rome
If you go to Rome
You’ll see the Coliseum,
If you go to London
Maybe you’ll see the Queen,
If you stay with me
You won’t see anything
But you’ll be happy
That’s for sure.
If you climb the mountains
You’ll be above the noisy crowds.
If you catch a jet plane
You’ll be above the clouds.
If you stay with me
You won’t see anything
But you’ll be happy
That’s for sure.
If you leave me now
I’ll be sad and lonely.
If you walk away
I’ll search around for you.
If it takes a year
I’ll find you, my darling.
And you’ll be happy,
That’s for sure.
If I make some money
Will you come and live with me?
If I make some money
Will you change your mind?
If I ask you nicely
Will you make a cup of tea?
Then I’ll be very happy
That’s for sure.
FUTURE SIMPLE
Present Simple
- Play
- Read
- Do homework
- Phone
- Come
- Do chores
- Am / is / are
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES - I
We’ll go to the picnic if the weather is fine tomorrow.
If the weather is fine tomorrow, we’ll go to the picnic.
Translate into English.
- Если он разобьёт окно , он заплатит за него .
2. Если у меня будут деньги , я куплю эту сумку.
3. Они пойдут на прогулку перед тем, как лягут спать.
4. Я напишу вам письмо, как только приеду в Лондон.
- They’ll go for a walk, before they go to bed.
b. If I have some money, I’ll buy this bag.
c . If he breaks the window, he’ll pay for it.
d. I’ll write you a letter, as soon as I come to London.
Match the sentences.
When I pass my driving test...
a) they won’t grow well.
If you don’t water your plants
If you go to the cinema tonight...
b) I’ll buy a car.
c) we’ll phone you.
As soon as we get the tickets...
d) I’ll go with you.
WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF …?
Match the sentence parts, then write these sentences like this:
Example: If you lie in the sun, you’ll get sunburned.
- don’t look at the map
- don’t work hard
- eat too much
- don’t hurry
- don’t listen in class
- take an umbrella
- not find the road
- not pass your exam
- get fat
- miss the bus
- not understand the homework
- not get wet
WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF …?
- If you break a mirror,
you will have seven years’
- If you talk of the devil,
you will have good luck
- If a black cat crosses your
- If a black cat crosses your
you will have bad luck
- If you see a small spider,
you will get a lot of money.
Example: If you touch wood, your good luck will continue.
PROVERBS
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.
(a) За двумя зайцами погонишься - ни одного не поймаешь.
(b) Если ты бежишь за зайцем, надень кроссовки.
(c) Ну, заяц, погоди!
If you want a thing well done, do it yourself.
( a) Если хочешь, чтобы дело было сделано хорошо, делай его сам.
(b) Если хочешь, чтобы дело было сделано хорошо, позвони 03.
(c) Сделай хоть что-то .
What will you do if…?
- If I make a bit of pocket money, I’ll...
- If I have enough time, I’ll …
- If I find a summer job, …
- If I do nothing,…
- If it rains, …
- If I know English well, …
EXCELLENT!
If You Are Happy And You Know It
If you"re happy and you know it, clap your hands. If you"re happy and you know it, And you really want to show it, If you"re happy and you know it, clap your hands.
If you"re happy and you know it, stamp your feet. If you"re happy and you know it, stamp your feet. If you"re happy and you know it, And you really want to show it, If you"re happy and you know it, stamp your feet.
If you"re happy and you know it, nod your head. If you"re happy and you know it, nod your head. If you"re happy and you know it, And you really want to show it, If you"re happy and you know it, nod your head.
- If you"re happy and you know it, turn around. If you"re happy and you know it, turn around. If you"re happy and you know it, And you really want to show it, If you"re happy and you know it, turn around.
If you"re happy and you know it, say we are, we are. If you"re happy and you know it, say we are, we are. If you"re happy and you know it, And you really want to show it, If you"re happy and you know it, say we are, we are.
" If You Want To Sing Out,
is a popular song by
It first appeared in
the 1971 film Harold and Maude .
Well if you want to sing out sing out. And if you want to be free be free. "Cause there"s a million things to be. You know that there are.
And if you want to live high live high. And if you want to live low live low. "Cause there"s a million ways to go. You know that there are.
You can do what you want. The opportunity"s on. And if you find a new way you can do it today.
You can make it all true. And you can make it undo you see. Ah it"s easy. Ah you only need to know.
Well if you want to say yes say yes. And if you want to say no say no. Cause there"s a million ways to go. You know that there are. And if you want to be me be me.
And if you want to be you be you. Cause there"s a million things to do. You know that there are.
You can do what you want. The opportunity"s on. And if you find a new way you can do it today. You can make it all true.
And you can make it undo you see. Ah it"s easy. Ah you only need to know
Well, if you want to sing out, sing out And if you want to be free, be free "cause there"s a million things to be You know that there are, You know that there are, You know that there are, You know that there are, You know that there are.
МУ Отдел образования МР Татышлинский район РБ
«Условные предложения I типа»
9 класс
Выполнила: Арманшина Г. М.
МБОУ СОШ №1
с. Верхние Татышлы, РБ
